The faster on order of 100x, but more expensive alternative to Hard Disk Drives. Directed connected to PCIe No moving parts Minimal seek time Wears out over time, unlike HDD Power loss can result in data loss without protective circuitry You can store multiple bits per cell, but at the cost of faster wear and higher error. Higher bits per cell organizations are cheaper, because they wear out faster. Data can be written to an individual page, but only blocks can be erased

  • SSD Controller must relocate pages when they are rewritten
  • Writing a page is faster than erasing a block
  • SSD Controller must Garbage Collect

Flash Translation Layer

The SSD presents a uniform view of blocks by maintaining a blocking index. This is because it must pretend to be a HDD, and present itself as such to the OS Writes or reallocations change the mapping index to allow logical blocks to be consistently mapped Corruption of the mapping index results in signficant data loss

Weap Properties

Drive Writes Per Day (DWPD) = TBW / (warrantied days * capacity in TB) TBW (Terabytes written before death)